Coastal wetland ecosystems is known as one of the most productive ecosystems on the Earth, and they are vital to environmental health, sustaining economic development, and preserving biodiversity. They are also playing an increasingly important role in mitigating climate change and environmental degradation. However, coastal wetland ecosystems are facing unprecedented challenges in the context of global change and increasing anthropogenic activities. Coastal wetland ecosystems have become one of the most vulnerable ecosystems in the world.